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Scope of Services

Ultra-Systems Technology (UST) offers expert services & advice in the areas of:

  • Technical evaluation of thermal coals for their suitability for combustion systems, including the impact of coal quality on power plant performance and costs, to determine the “value” of coals for power generation. This provides utilities with the most economical coal supplies and coal companies with the knowledge for informed sales negotiations with utilities.


    Calculating of comparative bulk electricity generating costs for different coals



The book “Thermal Coal Technology” by Lindsay Juniper

  • Development and implementation of detailed testing programs for coal evaluation, including full scale and pilot scale testing and evaluation programs, and programs for solving problems in operating plant.
  • Evaluation of combustion equipment for different fuels, ranging from high rank bituminous coal, to low rank brown coal, lignite and biomass.
  • Performance testing of plant to achieve optimum performance, and to solve operational problems.
  • Feasibility of power system projects, including development of optimum coal products for economical power generation, power generation feasibility scenarios, energy transport studies, and small power systems based on renewables.
  • Development and management of R&D projects, including the design and construction of pilot and demonstration scale plant and equipment.
  • Technical software development and applications, including combustion and boiler plant modelling, data acquisition and engineering applications.
  • Development and implementation of training programs in coal technology Programs will be specifically tailored to specific audiences and training objectives.
  • Innovative engineering design and assessment of new products, and the engineering inputs required to bring new ideas to commercial reality.

Coal & Power Studies
  • Coal Quality Aspects of a Bowen Basin Coal. Definition of the deposit in terms of chemical specification and mineralogy of the coal ash. Evaluation of the utilisation characteristics of the coal, including pilot scale and other specialised testing. Analysis of the “value” of the coal for power generation. Coal Mining Company.


Correlation between ash constituents and ash fusion temperature

  • Competitive Position of Callide Power Stations. Preliminary analysis of the competitive position of Callide A, B and C in the Qld electricity market, and implications for the Callide mining operations as a results of the deregulated electricity market. Coal Mine Buyer.

  • Full-scale Trial of an Export Coal. Witnessing trial burn at Talin PS, Taiwan and evaluation of results. Evaluation of performance relative to other coals burnt at Talin. Coal Marketing Company.


Research Projects


Digitally measuring the Initial Deformation Temperature
  • Making the Ash Fusion Test Useful. Develop correlations between AFT measurements and the melting characteristics of coal ash. Feasibility of improving the AFT test using digital imaging techniques. Australian Coal Association Research Program.

  • Automatic Ash Fusion Test. Develop a commercial prototype AFT test using digital imaging techniques. Australian Coal Association Research Program.


Problem Solving


Combustion on the grate of an industrial
chain grate boiler

  • Slagging at a Japanese PS. When a trial shipment was fed to the boiler, ash deposits fell from the walls causing blockages. Mineralogical analyses on deposit samples showed that the coal was removing deposits built up when firing the previous coal. This assisted in finalising a $400 million coal contract for the company. Coal Mining Company.

  • Combustion in Industrial Boilers. Investigations into combustion and clinker formation in stoker-fired boilers. Work included investigations into clinker formation, coal breakage characteristics, risk analysis of hopper explosions and remedial measures. Bulk Manufacturing Company


Technology Transfer
  • Thermal Coal technology Training Course. Courses include discussion of the coal supply chain and power plant technology and the impact of coal properties on performance. Various in-houce customers.
  • One Day Symposium Series. Arranging Symposia on topics of current interest:
    ¼     Advanced Power Systems
    ¼     Minimising NOx Emissions from Power Plants
    ¼     Forensic Techniques in Coal Utilisation
    ¼     Gas from Coal
    ¼     Biomass Energy
    ¼     Advanced Coal Testing Methods
    ¼     Trace Elements in Coal


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